Kebanyakan pembelajar bahasa Inggris Indonesia tahu house (rumah) dan door (pintu). Tapi ketika harus menyebut teras (porch), atap (roof), atau kamar mandi (bathroom), mereka bingung. Apalagi jika harus membedakan living room dan family room, atau bathroom dan restroom.
Rumah dalam bahasa Inggris memiliki kosakata yang sangat spesifik. Menguasai kosakata ini penting untuk percakapan sehari-hari, deskripsi properti, atau sekadar membaca denah rumah.
Mari bedah tuntas bagian-bagian rumah dalam bahasa Inggris.
1. Bagian Luar Rumah (Exterior)
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Rumah | House | We live in a big house. |
| Rumah (formal/mewah) | Home | Welcome to my home. |
| Atap | Roof | The roof needs to be repaired. |
| Cerobong asap | Chimney | Smoke comes out of the chimney. |
| Dinding | Wall | The walls are painted white. |
| Pintu depan | Front door | Please knock on the front door. |
| Pintu belakang | Back door | We entered through the back door. |
| Jendela | Window | Open the window, please. |
| Teras depan | Porch / Veranda | I sat on the porch drinking coffee. |
| Teras belakang | Patio / Deck | We had a barbecue on the patio. |
| Halaman depan | Front yard | The kids are playing in the front yard. |
| Halaman belakang | Backyard | We have a garden in the backyard. |
| Pagar | Fence | The fence is made of wood. |
| Gerbang | Gate | Close the gate when you leave. |
| Garasi | Garage | We park the car in the garage. |
| Carport | Carport | The car is under the carport. |
| Taman | Garden | She waters the garden every morning. |
| Kolam renang | Swimming pool | We swam in the pool all day. |
| Jalan setapak | Path / Walkway | Walk along the path to the door. |
| Tangga luar | Steps / Stairs | Be careful on the steps. |
Contoh kalimat:
- Our house has a red roof and a white fence. (Rumah kami memiliki atap merah dan pagar putih.)
- My father is mowing the lawn in the front yard. (Ayah saya sedang memotong rumput di halaman depan.)
- We often have dinner on the back patio. (Kami sering makan malam di teras belakang.)
2. Ruangan dalam Rumah (Rooms)
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Ruang tamu | Living room | We watch TV in the living room. |
| Ruang keluarga | Family room | The family room is cozy. |
| Ruang makan | Dining room | We have dinner in the dining room. |
| Ruang duduk / Ruang santai | Sitting room / Lounge | Let’s sit in the lounge. |
| Kamar tidur | Bedroom | I sleep in my bedroom. |
| Kamar mandi | Bathroom | Take a shower in the bathroom. |
| Dapur | Kitchen | My mother cooks in the kitchen. |
| Kamar anak | Children’s room | The children play in their room. |
| Ruang tamu (formal) | Guest room | We have a guest room for visitors. |
| Ruang kerja | Study / Home office | I work in my home office. |
| Gudang | Storage room | We keep old things in the storage room. |
| Ruang cuci | Laundry room | Do the laundry in the laundry room. |
| Ruang makan (kecil) | Breakfast nook | We eat breakfast in the nook. |
| Loteng | Attic | The attic is full of dust. |
| Ruang bawah tanah | Basement | We store boxes in the basement. |
| Teras (tertutup) | Sunroom / Conservatory | I read books in the sunroom. |
| Mushola / Ruang doa | Prayer room | Our prayer room is on the second floor. |
| Balkon | Balcony | I enjoy the view from the balcony. |
| Ruang tamu (tengah) | Hall / Hallway | Hang your coat in the hallway. |
| Kamar pembantu | Maid’s room | The maid’s room is near the kitchen. |
Contoh kalimat:
- The living room has a comfortable sofa. (Ruang tamu memiliki sofa yang nyaman.)
- We usually eat together in the dining room. (Kami biasanya makan bersama di ruang makan.)
- My bedroom is on the second floor. (Kamar tidur saya di lantai dua.)
3. Bagian dalam Rumah (Interior Details)
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Langit-langit | Ceiling | The ceiling is white. |
| Lantai | Floor | The floor is made of marble. |
| Karpet | Carpet | We have a soft carpet in the bedroom. |
| Dinding (dalam) | Interior wall | The interior wall is painted blue. |
| Pintu dalam | Interior door | Close the interior door. |
| Gagang pintu | Door handle | Turn the door handle to open it. |
| Kusen pintu | Door frame | The door frame is wooden. |
| Jendela | Window | The window looks out to the garden. |
| Kaca jendela | Glass window | The glass window is clean. |
| Tirai / Gorden | Curtain | Draw the curtains at night. |
| Kerai / Blind | Blind / Venetian blind | I close the blind to block the light. |
| Saklar lampu | Light switch | Turn on the light switch. |
| Stop kontak | Power outlet / Socket | Plug the charger into the socket. |
| Lampu | Lamp / Light | The lamp is on the table. |
| Kipas angin | Fan | The fan keeps us cool. |
| AC (Pendingin udara) | Air conditioner (AC) | Turn on the AC, it’s hot. |
| Pemanas ruangan | Heater | The heater warms the room. |
| Ventilasi | Ventilation | The room has good ventilation. |
| Tangga dalam | Staircase / Stairs | Go up the stairs to the second floor. |
| Pegangan tangga | Handrail | Hold the handrail when climbing. |
| Lorong | Corridor / Hallway | Walk down the hallway. |
| Pintu masuk | Entrance | The entrance is at the front. |
| Lantai dasar | Ground floor | The kitchen is on the ground floor. |
| Lantai satu (di AS) / Lantai dua (di Inggris) | Second floor (US) / First floor (UK) | My room is on the second floor. |
Contoh kalimat:
- The ceiling fan is not working. (Kipas angin di langit-langit tidak berfungsi.)
- Please turn off the light switch before leaving. (Tolong matikan saklar lampu sebelum pergi.)
- The stairs lead to the second floor. (Tangga itu menuju ke lantai dua.)
4. Perlengkapan Dapur (Kitchen Items)
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Kompor | Stove | Cook the rice on the stove. |
| Oven | Oven | Bake the cake in the oven. |
| Kulkas | Refrigerator / Fridge | Keep the milk in the fridge. |
| Freezer | Freezer | The ice cream is in the freezer. |
| Microwave | Microwave | Heat the food in the microwave. |
| Wastafel | Sink | Wash the dishes in the sink. |
| Lemari dapur | Kitchen cabinet | Put the plates in the kitchen cabinet. |
| Meja dapur | Kitchen counter | Prepare food on the counter. |
| Meja makan | Dining table | Eat your meal at the dining table. |
| Kursi | Chair | Take a seat on the chair. |
| Pisau | Knife | Cut the meat with a knife. |
| Sendok | Spoon | Eat the soup with a spoon. |
| Garpu | Fork | Use a fork to eat the steak. |
| Piring | Plate | Place the food on the plate. |
| Mangkok | Bowl | Put the soup in a bowl. |
| Cangkir | Cup | Drink your coffee from a cup. |
| Gelas | Glass | Drink water from a glass. |
| Panci | Pot | Boil water in the pot. |
| Wajan | Frying pan | Cook the egg in the frying pan. |
5. Perlengkapan Kamar Mandi (Bathroom Items)
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Bak mandi | Bathtub | Relax in the bathtub. |
| Pancuran / Shower | Shower | I take a shower every morning. |
| Wastafel | Sink | Wash your hands in the sink. |
| Kloset | Toilet | The toilet is clean. |
| Cermin | Mirror | Look at yourself in the mirror. |
| Handuk | Towel | Dry your hands with the towel. |
| Sabun | Soap | Wash your hands with soap. |
| Shampo | Shampoo | Wash your hair with shampoo. |
| Sikat gigi | Toothbrush | Brush your teeth with a toothbrush. |
| Pasta gigi | Toothpaste | Put toothpaste on your toothbrush. |
Contoh kalimat:
- I take a shower in the bathroom. (Saya mandi di kamar mandi.)
- The mirror is above the sink. (Cermin di atas wastafel.)
6. Perlengkapan Kamar Tidur (Bedroom Items)
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Tempat tidur | Bed | I sleep on a big bed. |
| Kasur | Mattress | The mattress is very comfortable. |
| Bantal | Pillow | I use a soft pillow. |
| Selimut | Blanket | Cover yourself with a blanket. |
| Sprei | Sheet | The bed sheet is clean. |
| Lemari pakaian | Wardrobe | Hang your clothes in the wardrobe. |
| Laci | Drawer | Keep your socks in the drawer. |
| Meja samping tempat tidur | Nightstand | I put a lamp on the nightstand. |
| Kap lampu | Lampshade | The lampshade is broken. |
| Karpet di samping tempat tidur | Rug | Step on the soft rug. |
7. Perbedaan Penting: Bathroom, Restroom, Toilet
| Kata | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Bathroom | Kamar mandi (di rumah) | I need to use the bathroom. |
| Restroom | Toilet umum (di mall, restoran) | Where is the restroom? |
| Toilet | Kloset / WC | The toilet is clogged. |
Catatan: Di AS, bathroom dan restroom sopan untuk menyebut toilet umum. Di Inggris, lebih umum toilet atau loo. Jangan bilang WC di AS—itu kuno dan tidak dipakai.
8. Istilah Rumah Lainnya
| Bahasa Indonesia | Bahasa Inggris |
|---|---|
| Rumah susun | Apartment / Flat |
| Rumah mewah | Mansion / Villa |
| Rumah kayu | Wooden house / Cabin |
| Rumah kontrakan | Rental house / Rented house |
| Rumah sendiri | Own house |
| Rumah orang tua | Parent’s house |
| Rumah panggung | Stilt house |
| Rumah kos | Boarding house |
| Rumah sakit | Hospital |
| Rumah sakit (psikiatri) | Mental hospital |
9. Contoh Deskripsi Rumah
My house is a two-story building. It has a brown roof and white walls. There is a small garden in the front yard with many flowers. The front door is made of wood. When you enter, there is a living room on the right and a dining room on the left. The kitchen is at the back of the house. Upstairs, there are three bedrooms and a bathroom. My bedroom is the biggest one. I also have a small balcony where I can see the street.
Ringkasan Satu Paragraf
Bagian rumah dalam bahasa Inggris mencakup bagian luar (roof, wall, door, window, garden), ruangan (living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom), dan perlengkapan dalam (floor, ceiling, furniture). Pahami perbedaan bathroom (kamar mandi) dan restroom (toilet umum), first floor (di AS = lantai 1, di Inggris = lantai 2), dan yard (halaman). Hafalkan kosakata dasar: roof, wall, door, window, garden, living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, stairs, floor, ceiling.
Deskripsikan rumah Anda dalam bahasa Inggris (minimal 50 kata), dengan menyebutkan bagian luar dan dalam rumah.
Contoh:
I live in a small house in the city. It has a blue roof and white walls. There is a small front yard with a gate. Inside, there is a living room, a kitchen, a bathroom, and two bedrooms. My bedroom has a big window with curtains. We also have a small garden in the backyard where we grow vegetables.
Kosakata bagian rumah sangat penting untuk percakapan sehari-hari. Mulai dari yang paling sering dipakai: living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom. Tambahkan roof, wall, door, window, garden untuk deskripsi luar. Latih dengan mendeskripsikan rumah Anda sendiri dalam bahasa Inggris setiap hari.
Sekarang buka catatan. Tulis 5 ruangan di rumah Anda dan 5 benda di dalamnya. Kemudian, deskripsikan rumah Anda dalam 3 kalimat. Baca keras-keras. Anda sudah siap menjadi agen properti dalam bahasa Inggris.