Present Progressive (Present Continuous) biasanya digunakan untuk tindakan yang sedang berlangsung sekarang.
Struktur dasar:
subject + am / is / are + verb + -ing
Contoh:
I am working.
She is reading.
They are playing football.
Verbs Normally Not Used in the Present Progressive
Beberapa kata kerja biasanya tidak digunakan dalam Present Progressive karena menggambarkan state (keadaan), bukan aksi.
Contoh verbs tersebut:
- be
- believe
- belong
- hate
- hear
- like
- love
- mean
- prefer
- remain
- realize
- see
- seem
- smell
- think
- understand
- want
- wish
Contoh:
I understand the problem.
She likes chocolate.
He wants a new phone.
Bukan:
❌ I am understanding the problem.
❌ She is liking chocolate.
❌ He is wanting a new phone.
Situations Where These Verbs Can Be Used in Present Progressive
Beberapa kata kerja tersebut kadang bisa digunakan dalam Present Progressive jika maknanya berubah menjadi aksi sementara.
1. Fixed Arrangement
He is seeing his father tomorrow.
Artinya: sudah ada janji atau rencana.
2. “See” in the Meaning of Visiting or Touring
The group is seeing the sights of Paris.
Artinya: sedang berwisata / melihat objek wisata.
3. “Have” as an Activity
Jika have berarti aktivitas, maka bisa digunakan dalam progressive.
They are having a great time in Cape Town.
I am having lunch.
4. “Think” as Temporary Activity
What are you thinking?
Artinya: sedang memikirkan sesuatu saat ini.
5. “Be” to Describe Temporary Behaviour
He is being friendly.
Artinya: bersikap ramah saat ini, bukan sifat permanen.
1. do as a Main Verb (Present Progressive)
Affirmative
I am doing an exercise.
You are doing an exercise.
He is doing an exercise.
They are doing an exercise.
Negative
I am not doing an exercise.
You are not doing an exercise.
He is not doing an exercise.
They are not doing an exercise.
Questions
Am I doing an exercise?
Are you doing an exercise?
Is he doing an exercise?
Are they doing an exercise?
2. have as a Main Verb (Present Progressive)
Affirmative
I am having a bath.
You are having a bath.
He is having a bath.
They are having a bath.
Negative
I am not having a bath.
You are not having a bath.
He is not having a bath.
They are not having a bath.
Questions
Am I having a bath?
Are you having a bath?
Is he having a bath?
Are they having a bath?
Contracted Forms
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari sering digunakan bentuk singkat.
| Long Form | Contracted Form |
|---|---|
| I am | I’m |
| you are | you’re |
| he is | he’s |
| are not | aren’t |
| is not | isn’t |
Contoh:
I'm doing my homework.
He's having lunch.
They aren't studying now.