Dalam bahasa Inggris, terdapat berbagai kosakata dan ekspresi yang digunakan untuk membicarakan kehidupan sekolah (school life). Memahami kosakata ini akan membantu Anda dalam percakapan sehari-hari maupun menulis surat atau email tentang topik pendidikan.
Kosakata Utama
| Kata | Part of Speech | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|---|
| attend | verb | hadir, mengikuti (sekolah) | I attend the senior high school in my city. |
| apprenticeship | noun | magang, pelatihan kerja | She is doing an apprenticeship at a hospital. |
| mechanic | noun | mekanik, tukang servis | My brother works as a mechanic. |
| mark | noun | nilai, angka | He got good marks in the exam. |
| test | noun | ujian, tes | We have a math test tomorrow. |
| homework | noun | pekerjaan rumah (PR) | I have a lot of homework tonight. |
| hometown | noun | kota kelahiran | I visited my hometown last week. |
| joke | noun | lelucon, guyon | He told a funny joke in class. |
Ekspresi dan Frasa Penting
| Ekspresi | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| look forward to + verb-ing | menantikan dengan antusias | I am looking forward to meeting you. |
| feel like + verb-ing | merasa ingin melakukan sesuatu | I feel like eating pizza tonight. |
| have to + verb | harus (keharusan) | I have to finish my homework. |
| get good marks | mendapat nilai bagus | She always gets good marks in English. |
| tell me about | ceritakan tentang | Tell me about your school. |
| be interested in | tertarik pada | I am interested in learning Japanese. |
Grammar Point: Past Tense vs Present Continuous
Simple Past Tense
Simple past tense digunakan untuk kejadian yang sudah selesai di masa lalu. Tense ini sering digunakan ketika menceritakan pengalaman atau kejadian yang sudah berlalu.
Pola: Subject + Verb-2 (past form)
Contoh dari teks:
| Kalimat | Terjemahan |
|---|---|
| I studied for the English test all evening. | Saya belajar untuk ujian bahasa Inggris sepanjang malam. |
| It was interesting to hear about school life in Bali. | Menarik mendengar tentang kehidupan sekolah di Bali. |
| I was ill yesterday. | Saya sakit kemarin. |
| I couldn’t write earlier. | Saya tidak bisa menulis lebih awal. |
Present Continuous Tense
Present continuous tense digunakan untuk kejadian yang sedang berlangsung saat ini atau untuk rencana di masa depan yang sudah pasti.
Pola: Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing
Contoh dari teks:
| Kalimat | Terjemahan |
|---|---|
| The sun is shining right now. | Matahari sedang bersinar sekarang. |
| I am going to start an apprenticeship next month. | Saya akan mulai magang bulan depan. |
| I am planning to visit Lombok next year. | Saya berencana mengunjungi Lombok tahun depan. |
| We want to go swimming. | Kami ingin pergi berenang. |
Tabel Perbandingan Tense
| Tense | Fungsi | Keterangan Waktu | Contoh |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Past | Kejadian selesai di masa lalu | yesterday, last week, ago, earlier | I studied last night. |
| Present Continuous | Kejadian sedang berlangsung | now, right now, at the moment | The sun is shining now. |
| Present Continuous | Rencana masa depan | tomorrow, next week, next month | I am planning to visit Lombok. |
Penggunaan dalam Konteks Berbeda
Menulis Surat tentang Kehidupan Sekolah
| Tujuan | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|
| Membuka surat | Thanks for the letter and the wonderful photos. |
| Menjelaskan alasan | I’m sorry, I couldn’t write earlier because I was ill. |
| Menanyakan kondisi | How are you and how are you enjoying your job? |
| Meminta informasi | Tell me about your working days, your pay and your holidays. |
| Menutup surat | I’m looking forward to getting your letter. |
Bercerita tentang Sekolah
| Tujuan | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|
| Menyebut nama sekolah | I attend the SMA Negeri 1 Jakarta. |
| Menjelaskan jenis sekolah | It’s a vocational school. |
| Menyebut jumlah siswa | There are 15 boys and 12 girls in my class. |
| Mengeluh tentang nilai | My friends and I don’t get very good marks. |
| Mengungkapkan pendapat | I don’t like school very much. |
Kesalahan Umum
| Salah | Benar | Penjelasan |
|---|---|---|
| I am look forward to see you. | I am looking forward to seeing you. | Setelah “look forward to” gunakan verb-ing. |
| I have finish my homework. | I have to finish my homework. | “Have to” untuk menyatakan keharusan. |
| She studying now. | She is studying now. | Present continuous membutuhkan “be” (is/am/are). |
| I study for the test yesterday. | I studied for the test yesterday. | Gunakan verb-2 untuk past tense. |
| I feel like to eat now. | I feel like eating now. | Setelah “feel like” gunakan verb-ing. |
Latihan Singkat
A. Pilih kata yang tepat:
- I _ to SMA Negeri 5 Bandung. (attend / attended)
- She _ for the test all night yesterday. (study / studied)
- They _ forward to the holiday next week. (are looking / look)
- He _ like going to the cinema tonight. (feel / feels)
- I have _ finish my homework before dinner. (to / too)
B. Terjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris:
- Saya berencana mengunjungi Bali tahun depan.
- Ada 20 siswa di kelas saya.
- Saya tidak mendapat nilai yang bagus di ujian kemarin.
- Ceritakan tentang pekerjaanmu.
Kunci Jawaban:
A. Pilih kata yang tepat:
- attend
- studied
- are looking
- feels
- to
B. Terjemahan:
- I am planning to visit Bali next year.
- There are 20 students in my class.
- I didn’t get good marks in the test yesterday.
- Tell me about your job.
Tips Penggunaan
Look forward to + verb-ing: Selalu gunakan bentuk -ing setelah frasa ini, bukan kata dasar.
Feel like + verb-ing: Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan keinginan spontan atau perasaan ingin melakukan sesuatu.
Have to vs Must: Keduanya menyatakan keharusan, namun “have to” lebih umum digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari.
Present continuous untuk rencana: Gunakan present continuous tense untuk rencana yang sudah pasti dan biasanya sudah ada waktu yang ditentukan.