Dalam bahasa Inggris, terdapat berbagai kosakata dan pola kalimat yang digunakan untuk membicarakan waktu luang (free time) dan hobi. Materi ini akan membantu Anda memahami cara mengekspresikan aktivitas favorit, kegemaran, dan kebiasaan sehari-hari dengan berbagai struktur kalimat yang tepat.
Kosakata Utama
| Kata | Part of Speech | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|---|
| hobby | noun | hobi | My favourite hobby is reading. |
| snooker | noun | biliar (jenis permainan) | Playing snooker is fun. |
| practice | noun/verb | latihan | I do some handball practice. |
| training | noun | latihan, pelatihan | I go training every evening. |
| jigsaw puzzle | noun | puzzle | We do lots of jigsaw puzzles. |
| pen-friend | noun | sahabat pena | I write letters to my pen-friends. |
| rollerskating | noun | sepatu roda | I go rollerskating on weekends. |
| disco | noun | diskotik | I sometimes go to a disco. |
| babysitting | noun | mengasuh anak | I do babysitting for my neighbor. |
| housework | noun | pekerjaan rumah | I forgot the housework. |
| kindergarten | noun | taman kanak-kanak | I collect my cousin from kindergarten. |
Ekspresi dan Frasa Penting
| Ekspresi | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| favourite hobby | hobi favorit | My favourite hobby is playing snooker. |
| be interested in | tertarik pada | I’m interested in punk music. |
| get everything off one’s chest | mengungkapkan perasaan | I can get everything off my chest. |
| once a week | seminggu sekali | Once a week I do some practice. |
| now and then | sesekali | Now and then I do babysitting. |
| paper route | ruteantar koran | I do a paper route to earn money. |
| earn money | mencari uang | I earn a little money from part-time work. |
| this and that | berbagai hal | We talk about this and that. |
Grammar Point: Like, Love, Enjoy + Verb-ing
Ketika menyatakan kesukaan atau ketertarikan pada suatu aktivitas, bahasa Inggris menggunakan pola tertentu yang perlu dipahami dengan benar.
Like + Verb-ing / Like + To + Verb
Kedua pola ini dapat digunakan, namun dengan sedikit perbedaan nuansa.
Pola: like + verb-ing (menyukai aktivitas) / like + to + verb (menyukai untuk melakukan sesuatu)
| Pola | Contoh | Nuansa |
|---|---|---|
| like + verb-ing | I like listening to pop-music. | Menyukai aktivitas itu secara umum |
| like + to + verb | In summer I like to go swimming. | Menyukai untuk melakukan sesuatu pada waktu tertentu |
Enjoy + Verb-ing
“Enjoy” selalu diikuti oleh verb-ing, bukan to + verb.
Pola: enjoy + verb-ing
| Kalimat | Terjemahan |
|---|---|
| I enjoy working on the computer. | Saya menikmati bekerja dengan komputer. |
| She enjoys reading novels. | Dia menikmati membaca novel. |
| They enjoy playing football. | Mereka menikmati bermain sepak bola. |
Be Interested In + Noun/Verb-ing
Pola: be interested in + noun/verb-ing
| Kalimat | Terjemahan |
|---|---|
| I’m interested in punk. | Saya tertarik pada punk. |
| She is interested in learning Japanese. | Dia tertarik untuk belajar bahasa Jepang. |
Grammar Point: Gerund sebagai Subjek
Gerund (verb-ing) dapat berfungsi sebagai subjek dalam kalimat. Dalam struktur ini, verb-ing diperlakukan sebagai kata benda.
Pola: Verb-ing + verb + …
| Kalimat | Terjemahan | Keterangan |
|---|---|---|
| Playing football is fun. | Bermain sepak bola menyenangkan. | Gerund sebagai subjek |
| Reading books improves your vocabulary. | Membaca buku meningkatkan kosakatamu. | Gerund sebagai subjek |
| Swimming is good for health. | Berenang baik untuk kesehatan. | Gerund sebagai subjek |
| Writing letters takes time. | Menulis surat membutuhkan waktu. | Gerund sebagai subjek |
Grammar Point: Preposisi Waktu (In, On, At)
| Preposisi | Penggunaan | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| in | musim, bulan, tahun | In summer I like swimming. In winter I go skiing. |
| on | hari, tanggal | On Saturdays I have to cook. |
| at | waktu spesifik, weekend | At weekends I sometimes go to a disco. |
Tabel Perbandingan: Menyatakan Kesukaan
| Struktur | Pola | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| like + verb-ing | menyukai aktivitas | I like listening to music. |
| like + to + verb | suka melakukan sesuatu | I like to go swimming in summer. |
| love + verb-ing | sangat menyukai | She loves dancing. |
| enjoy + verb-ing | menikmati | I enjoy working on the computer. |
| be interested in + noun/verb-ing | tertarik pada | I’m interested in punk music. |
| be fond of + noun/verb-ing | gemar pada | He is fond of collecting stamps. |
Penggunaan dalam Konteks Berbeda
Menyatakan Hobi dan Kesukaan
| Tujuan | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|
| Menyebut hobi utama | My favourite hobby is playing snooker. |
| Menyatakan kesukaan | I like listening to pop-music. |
| Menyatakan ketertarikan | I’m interested in punk. |
| Menyatakan hobi kreatif | One of my hobbies is writing letters to my pen-friends. |
| Menyatakan hobi koleksi | I collect stamps from different countries. |
Aktivitas di Akhir Pekan dan Musim
| Tujuan | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|
| Akhir pekan | At weekends I sometimes go to a disco or to the cinema. |
| Musim panas | In summer I like to go swimming. |
| Musim dingin | In winter I go skiing. |
| Cuaca buruk | When the weather is bad, I read books or watch TV. |
| Cuaca tidak panas | When it’s not so hot, I go rollerskating. |
Aktivitas Bersama Teman dan Keluarga
| Tujuan | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|
| Berkunjung teman | I like visiting friends and talking about this and that. |
| Bermain puzzle | My friend and I do lots of jigsaw puzzles. |
| Memasak | On Saturdays I have to cook for the family. |
| Mengantar | I collect my cousin from the kindergarten. |
| Mengasuh anak | Now and then I do babysitting. |
Kegiatan untuk Mencari Uang
| Tujuan | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|
| Antar koran | I do a paper route to earn a little money. |
| Babysitting | Now and then I do babysitting for extra money. |
| Part-time job | I work part-time on weekends. |
Ekspresi Menarik dari Teks
| Ekspresi | Arti | Konteks |
|---|---|---|
| get everything off my chest | mengungkapkan semua perasaan / menuangkan isi hati | While listening to hard-rock I can get everything off my chest. |
| talk about this and that | mengobrol tentang berbagai hal | I like visiting friends and talking about this and that. |
| now and then | sesekali, kadang-kadang | Now and then I do babysitting. |
| once a week | seminggu sekali | Once a week I do some handball practice. |
Kesalahan Umum
| Salah | Benar | Penjelasan |
|---|---|---|
| I like listen to music. | I like listening to music. | Setelah “like” untuk aktivitas, gunakan verb-ing. |
| I enjoy to work on computer. | I enjoy working on the computer. | “Enjoy” selalu diikuti verb-ing. |
| My hobby is play football. | My hobby is playing football. | Setelah “is” untuk menyebut hobi, gunakan verb-ing. |
| I’m interested to learn English. | I’m interested in learning English. | Setelah “interested in” gunakan verb-ing. |
| At summer I go swimming. | In summer I go swimming. | Untuk musim, gunakan “in”, bukan “at”. |
| In weekends I visit friends. | At weekends I visit friends. | Untuk weekend, gunakan “at”. |
Latihan Singkat
A. Lengkapi kalimat dengan bentuk yang tepat (verb-ing atau to + verb):
- I like _ (listen) to pop-music.
- She enjoys _ (work) on the computer.
- In summer, I like _ (go) swimming.
- My hobby is _ (play) snooker.
- He is interested in _ (learn) Japanese.
- _ (play) football is fun.
B. Pilih preposisi yang tepat (in, on, at):
- _ weekends I sometimes go to the cinema.
- _ summer I like to go swimming.
- _ Saturdays I have to cook for the family.
- _ winter I go skiing.
- I do babysitting now and then _ night.
C. Terjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris:
- Hobi favorit saya adalah membaca buku.
- Saya suka mendengarkan musik pop.
- Pada akhir pekan saya kadang pergi ke bioskop.
- Di musim panas saya suka berenang.
- Menulis surat kepada sahabat pena adalah salah satu hobi saya.
Kunci Jawaban:
A. Lengkapi kalimat:
- listening
- working
- to go / going
- playing
- learning
- Playing
B. Pilih preposisi:
- At
- In
- On
- In
- at
C. Terjemahan:
- My favourite hobby is reading books.
- I like listening to pop-music.
- At weekends I sometimes go to the cinema.
- In summer I like to go swimming.
- Writing letters to pen-friends is one of my hobbies.
Tips Penggunaan
Like + verb-ing vs Like + to + verb: Keduanya benar dengan sedikit perbedaan nuansa. “Like + verb-ing” untuk kesukaan umum, “like + to + verb” untuk kesukaan pada situasi/waktu tertentu.
Enjoy selalu + verb-ing: Ingat bahwa “enjoy” selalu diikuti verb-ing, bukan to + verb. Contoh: “I enjoy reading” (benar), bukan “I enjoy to read” (salah).
Gerund sebagai subjek: Verb-ing bisa menjadi subjek kalimat. Contoh: “Swimming is good exercise.”
Preposisi waktu: Ingat kombinasi yang tepat – “in” untuk musim/bulan/tahun, “on” untuk hari/tanggal, “at” untuk waktu spesifik dan weekend.
Hobi jamak: Seseorang bisa memiliki lebih dari satu hobi. Gunakan “One of my hobbies is…” atau “My hobbies are…” untuk menyebut beberapa hobi sekaligus.