Simple Present digunakan untuk menyatakan kebiasaan, fakta umum, jadwal, atau kondisi yang berlaku saat ini. Tense ini dibentuk dari infinitive (verb dasar), dengan sedikit perubahan pada orang ketiga tunggal.
Cara Membentuk Simple Present
Pada dasarnya kita menggunakan verb dasar (infinitive).
Namun untuk 3rd person singular (he, she, it, atau nama orang) kita menambahkan -s di akhir kata kerja.
| Subject | Verb |
|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | verb dasar |
| He / She / It | verb + -s |
Contoh:
| Infinitive | 3rd Person Singular |
|---|---|
| play | plays |
| work | works |
| read | reads |
1. Affirmative Sentences (Kalimat Positif)
Struktur kalimat positif:
Subject + verb (+ s/es untuk he/she/it)
Contoh:
I play with a ball.
You play with a ball.
He plays with a ball.
She plays with a ball.
It plays with a ball.
We play with a ball.
You play with a ball.
They play with a ball.
Catatan penting:
➡ Untuk he, she, it, jangan lupa menambahkan -s pada kata kerja.
Contoh:
She plays tennis every weekend.
2. Negative Sentences (Kalimat Negatif)
Untuk membuat kalimat negatif dalam Simple Present, kita menggunakan auxiliary do / does.
- do → I, you, we, they
- does → he, she, it
Setelah do/does, kata kerja kembali ke bentuk dasar.
Rumus
Subject + do/does + not + verb
Contoh Kalimat
I do not play with a ball.
You do not play with a ball.
He does not play with a ball.
She does not play with a ball.
It does not play with a ball.
We do not play with a ball.
You do not play with a ball.
They do not play with a ball.
Bentuk singkat yang sering digunakan:
| Long Form | Short Form |
|---|---|
| do not | don’t |
| does not | doesn’t |
Contoh:
He doesn't play football.
Ringkasan Struktur Simple Present
| Jenis Kalimat | Rumus |
|---|---|
| Positif | Subject + verb (+s/es) |
| Negatif | Subject + do/does + not + verb |
| Pertanyaan | Do/Does + subject + verb |
Contoh:
She plays the piano.
She does not play the piano.
Does she play the piano?