Preposisi adalah kata-kata kecil yang menghubungkan kata benda/kata ganti dengan kata lain dalam kalimat. Mereka menunjukkan hubungan waktu (at 5 PM), tempat (in Jakarta), arah (to the store), atau sebab (because of you). Preposisi sangat penting karena satu kesalahan kecil bisa mengubah arti total.
Berikut adalah daftar 100 preposisi paling sering digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris, dikelompokkan berdasarkan fungsi dan dilengkapi dengan contoh kalimat.
Preposisi Waktu (Time)
Preposisi
Fungsi/Arti
Contoh Kalimat
1. At
Waktu spesifik (jam, momen)
I wake up at 6 AM.
2. On
Hari, tanggal, hari libur spesifik
We will meet on Monday. / On Christmas Day.
3. In
Bulan, tahun, abad, musim
She was born in March. / In 2024. / In winter.
4. By
Batas waktu (sebelum/tidak lebih dari)
Please finish it by Friday.
5. For
Durasi waktu (selama)
I have lived here for 5 years.
6. Since
Titik awal waktu hingga sekarang
She has been sick since Monday.
7. During
Sepanjang periode waktu tertentu
I fell asleep during the movie.
8. Within
Di dalam batas waktu
You must reply within 24 hours.
9. Until/Till
Sampai suatu waktu tertentu
I will wait until 7 PM.
10. Before
Sebelum waktu tertentu
She arrived before me.
11. After
Setelah waktu tertentu
Let’s meet after lunch.
12. Past
Lewat (waktu)
It’s ten past three. (3:10)
13. To
Menuju (waktu)
It’s ten to three. (2:50)
14. From…to
Dari waktu tertentu ke waktu lain
The store is open from 8 AM to 9 PM.
15. Through
Seluruh periode waktu
He worked through the night.
16. Throughout
Di seluruh periode
He remained silent throughout the meeting.
17. Pending
Sambil menunggu (formal)
Pending his arrival, we waited outside.
18. Circa
Sekitar tahun (formal/literatur)
The castle was built circa 1200.
Preposisi Tempat & Posisi (Place & Position)
Preposisi
Fungsi/Arti
Contoh Kalimat
19. At
Titik spesifik/lokasi umum
She is at the door. / At the office.
20. On
Permukaan, jalan, lantai
The book is on the table. / On Jalan Merdeka.
21. In
Di dalam ruang/area luas
The pen is in the drawer. / In Jakarta.
22. Above
Di atas (tidak menyentuh)
The light is above the table.
23. Over
Di atas (menutupi/melintas)
The plane flew over the city.
24. Below
Di bawah (lebih rendah)
The temperature is below zero.
25. Under
Di bawah (tertutupi)
The cat is under the table.
26. Beneath
Di bawah (formal, tersembunyi)
Beneath his calm face, he was angry.
27. Behind
Di belakang
The car is behind the building.
28. In front of
Di depan
The car is in front of the house.
29. Next to
Di samping (bersebelahan)
The bank is next to the post office.
30. Beside
Di sisi
She sat beside me.
31. Between
Di antara (dua)
The ball is between the two chairs.
32. Among
Di antara (kelompok)
He is hiding among the trees.
33. Around
Di sekitar
We walked around the park.
34. Near
Di dekat
I live near the station.
35. Nearby
Dekat (berdiri sendiri)
There is a hospital nearby.
36. Inside
Di dalam
I left my keys inside the house.
37. Outside
Di luar
She is waiting outside the room.
38. Opposite
Di seberang
The bookstore is opposite the cafe.
39. Across
Di seberang / melintasi
He ran across the street.
40. Along
Sepanjang
We walked along the river.
41. Through
Menembus/melalui (dalam)
The tunnel goes through the mountain.
42. Onto
Ke atas (di atas permukaan)
He jumped onto the bed.
43. Into
Ke dalam (menuju dalam)
She walked into the room.
44. Off
Jatuh/lepas dari
The cat jumped off the roof.
45. Upon
Di atas (formal)
The book is upon the shelf.
46. Within
Di dalam (batas)
Stay within the city limits.
47. Without
Tanpa (posisi)
He left without his jacket.
48. Amid
Di tengah-tengah (formal)
The house stood amid the trees.
49. Amongst
Di antara (formal, sastra)
He walked amongst the crowd.
50. Against
Menempel/melawan
The ladder is against the wall.
Preposisi Arah & Gerakan (Direction & Movement)
Preposisi
Fungsi/Arti
Contoh Kalimat
51. To
Menuju suatu tempat
She is going to the market.
52. Toward(s)
Menuju (arah)
He walked toward the gate.
53. From
Dari (titik awal)
I come from Indonesia.
54. Into
Ke dalam
He jumped into the pool.
55. Out of
Keluar dari
She walked out of the house.
56. Onto
Ke atas
The dog jumped onto the sofa.
57. Off
Turun/jatuh dari
He fell off the bike.
58. Through
Menembus/melintasi
They drove through the tunnel.
59. Across
Menyeberang
He swam across the river.
60. Along
Menyusuri
She walked along the beach.
61. Around
Berkeliling
We walked around the lake.
62. Up
Ke atas
He climbed up the tree.
63. Down
Ke bawah
She walked down the stairs.
64. Over
Melewati di atas
The plane flew over our heads.
65. Under
Menuju di bawah
The dog crawled under the fence.
66. Past
Melewati
He walked past the store.
Preposisi Sebab, Tujuan, dan Hubungan (Cause, Purpose & Relationship)
Preposisi
Fungsi/Arti
Contoh Kalimat
67. Of
Kepemilikan / bagian dari
The color of the car is red.
68. With
Bersama / menggunakan
I went with my friend. / Cut with a knife.
69. Without
Tanpa
She left without saying goodbye.
70. For
Untuk (tujuan / manfaat)
This gift is for you. / I run for health.
71. About
Tentang
We talked about the movie.
72. By
Oleh (pelaku) / melalui
The book was written by J.K. Rowling. / He came by bus.
73. Like
Seperti / mirip
He runs like a cheetah.
74. As
Sebagai
She works as a teacher.
75. Than
Daripada (perbandingan)
She is taller than me.
76. Except
Kecuali
Everyone came except John.
77. Despite
Meskipun (bertentangan)
He went out despite the rain.
78. In spite of
Meskipun (formal)
They won in spite of the difficulties.
79. Because of
Karena
Because of the traffic, we were late.
80. Due to
Karena (akibat)
The flight was delayed due to fog.
81. Thanks to
Berkat
Thanks to your help, I succeeded.
82. According to
Menurut
According to the news, it will rain.
83. Regarding
Mengenai
I have questions regarding the plan.
84. Concerning
Mengenai
He spoke concerning the new policy.
85. Including
Termasuk
The price includes tax.
86. Excluding
Tidak termasuk
The price is 100 USD excluding tax.
87. Barring
Kecuali (formal)
Barring an accident, we will arrive on time.
88. Pending
Menunggu (formal)
The decision is pending review.
89. Via
Melalui
We traveled via Bangkok.
90. Per
Per (setiap)
The salary is 5 million per month.
Preposisi Lainnya (Other Common Prepositions)
Preposisi
Fungsi/Arti
Contoh Kalimat
91. Amongst
Di antara
He stood amongst his enemies.
92. Amidst
Di tengah
She remained calm amidst the chaos.
93. Beyond
Di luar
Beyond the mountain lies a valley.
94. Inside
Di dalam (fungsi)
She knows the problem inside out.
95. Outside
Di luar
He is outside the law. (di luar hukum)
96. Aboard
Di atas (kapal/pesawat)
Welcome aboard the plane.
97. Abroad
Di luar negeri (adverb)
He lives abroad.
98. Opposite
Di seberang (lawan)
His opinion is opposite to mine.
99. Round
Di sekitar (alternatif)
We walked round the park. (UK)
100. Pending
Saat menunggu
He was held pending trial.
Tabel Ringkas Aturan Preposisi (Cheat Sheet)
Kasus
Gunakan
Contoh
Jam & waktu spesifik
At
At 7 AM, at noon
Hari & tanggal
On
On Monday, on June 5
Bulan, tahun, musim
In
In August, in 2024, in winter
Tempat spesifik (titik)
At
At the bus stop, at the station
Permukaan & lantai
On
On the floor, on the wall
Area luas & di dalam
In
In the room, in the city
Beda waktu (by + waktu)
By
By 8 PM (sebelum jam 8)
Durasi waktu
For
For 3 hours
Titik awal
Since
Since 2010
Kesalahan Umum Preposisi
Masuk ke dalam (go to home)
❌ I went to home.
✅ I went home. (Home adalah adverb, tidak butuh to)
Di atas untuk transportasi
✅ On the bus / On the plane
✅ In the car / In the taxi (Ruang tertutup kecil)
Tergantung dengan (depend on)
❌ It depends of the weather.
✅ It depends on the weather.
Bercerita tentang (discuss about)
❌ We discussed about the project.
✅ We discussed the project. (Discuss adalah kata kerja transitif, tidak butuh about)
Sampai (until vs by)
Wait until 5 PM. (tunggu sampai jam 5)
Finish by 5 PM. (selesai paling lambat jam 5)
Proyek Akhir
Tulis paragraf tentang rencana liburan Anda menggunakan minimal 15 preposisi berbeda.
Contoh:
I am planning to go to Bali in July. I will stay at a hotel near the beach for five days. During the day, I will walk along the beach and swim in the sea. In the evening, I will eat at local restaurants with my family. I will also visit a temple on a hill. I will travel by plane and arrive in Denpasar before noon. I want to relax without any stress.